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About viticulture and agriculture of Georgia

Agriculture of Georgia

Considering the fertile soils, water resources and climate, Georgia has ideal natural conditions for the development of agriculture in Georgia. At the same time, the share of agriculture in the country's economy is declining every year and currently stands at only 7.7 per cent. Over the past five years, Georgia has imported approximately $ 5.9 billion worth of agri-food products. The country spends an average of around $ 1.2 billion annually on the wages, production costs, and profits of those foreign-employed agricultural workers.

Despite the ideal natural resources - fertile soils, water, climate - Georgia will not be able to realize the potential of its agriculture if a sign of equality remains between the development of agriculture and the development of small farms. In rural areas, food production is the only way for families to survive and survive. But this is not the way to create competitive, import-substituting and export-oriented agricultural products in the country that will contribute to the country’s rapid economic growth.

What are some challenges and perspective of small farms in Georgia

Around 80 per cent of the consumer basket is imported to Georgia. At the same time, Georgia has all the necessary natural resources and conditions to produce these products locally instead of importing them. However, local production cannot replace imports. This data needs to be explained and analyzed. Most of the food products imported to us are the result of the industrial output, be it dairy products, meat products or cereals. Economies of scale and modern technologies are crucial for the competitive production of food products in the twenty-first century. Industrial production, the technologies used in it, and economies of scale are the only way for competitive production of mass-produced agricultural products.

Besides, large farms are using modern technologies to receive up to 12 tons of wheat per hectare, and an average of 8-9 tons. The highest wheat harvest in the history of independent Georgia was 4 tons per hectare, and we mainly get around 2-3 tons. This difference is so significant that despite the transport and tax additives of imported wheat, local products cannot compete with imports. As a result, if we take the average data of the last five years, Georgia imports $ 110 million worth of wheat every year. The reason is the high cost of production of local small farms, which in turn is caused by the small scale and lack of technology. Without modern technology, it is impossible to create an efficient, biologically pure and profitable food product in the twenty-first century.

The viticulture of Georgia

Viticulture is a term derived from the Latin word and stands for the vine or winegrowing. It is the harvesting and cultivation of grapes. Viticulture is considered as a branch of the science of horticulture. The history of vine culture is closely connected with the history of the Georgian nation. The creative nature of this nation and a special love for vines and wine was expressed in Georgian culture, traditional customs, architecture, ornament, stamping, painting, poetry, song and other works of art.

Georgia is one of the oldest centres of viticulture and winemaking. That fact was evidenced by Georgian and foreign ampelographic, historical, archaeological, ethnographic, and researchers.

Vine is widely used in Georgia. They use squeezed juice from grapes, prepare mash, tartara and churchkhela. Wine is used for the treatment of cardiovascular disease and anaemia. Among the regions of Georgia most famous for viticulture is Kakheti (which is divided into Telavi and Kvareli micro-regions), followed by Kartli, Imereti, Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, as well as Abkhazia. The world scientific community recognized that the ancient traces of winemaking were discovered on the territory of Georgia, from where it spread throughout the world and had a significant impact on the formation of agriculture, biology, medicine and civilization in general.

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Economic problems of the agricultural sector of Georgia

Briefly about the agriculture of Georgia Georgia is a developing country with a slightly weak economy with a population of around 3,720.4 million. About 57.2 per cent of the country's population lives in cities, and approximately 42.8 per cent of them in rural areas, according to 2016s data and statistics. The territory of Georgia covers 69,700 square kilometres or 7 million hectares. Georgia is a very diverse country along with its rich nature, physical- geographical, soil and climatic features. Around 1/3 of the country is covered by forests and only up to 40 per cent of the total arable land is suitable for agricultural land and hence, is used, which is relatively low. In Georgia, as a country of ancient agriculture, agriculture has occupied a leading place for millennia. According to 2018 data, about 17 per cent of the country's national economy is directly dependent in the agricultural sector, and the average yield potential is only 1/3 equals. About 1/3 of arable land is not used in production. Concerning imports of food and farming products predominate by 43 per cent Exports, agriculture employs an able-bodied population of about 54 per cent, the same figure and data in 1990 was only 25 per cent. It is noteworthy to mention that imports of agricultural products in 2016 exceeded exports by 34 per cent. Agricultural influence on Georgia’s Economy The main stage of the transition from a socialist agricultural economy to a rural market economy has virtually ended in Georgia. The agrarian structure has now changed completely, in particular, the process of privatisation of farming enterprises. A new system of local relations was established. Accordingly, agriculture, one of the main sectors of the country's economy, began to function in a completely new, market economic environment and quickly acquired the specifics and features of a market economy of the country. Changes
About viticulture and agriculture of Georgia

Agriculture of Georgia Considering the fertile soils, water resources and climate, Georgia has ideal natural conditions for the development of agriculture in Georgia. At the same time, the share of agriculture in the country's economy is declining every year and currently stands at only 7.7 per cent. Over the past five years, Georgia has imported approximately $ 5.9 billion worth of agri-food products. The country spends an average of around $ 1.2 billion annually on the wages, production costs, and profits of those foreign-employed agricultural workers. Despite the ideal natural resources - fertile soils, water, climate - Georgia will not be able to realize the potential of its agriculture if a sign of equality remains between the development of agriculture and the development of small farms. In rural areas, food production is the only way for families to survive and survive. But this is not the way to create competitive, import-substituting and export-oriented agricultural products in the country that will contribute to the country’s rapid economic growth. What are some challenges and perspective of small farms in Georgia Around 80 per cent of the consumer basket is imported to Georgia. At the same time, Georgia has all the necessary natural resources and conditions to produce these products locally instead of importing them. However, local production cannot replace imports. This data needs to be explained and analyzed. Most of the food products imported to us are the result of the industrial output, be it dairy products, meat products or cereals. Economies of scale and modern technologies are crucial for the competitive production of food products in the twenty-first century. Industrial production, the technologies used in it, and economies of scale are the only way for competitive production of mass-produced agricultural products. Besides,